Download the stroke patient information pack.

A stroke is a serious life-threatening medical condition that occurs when the blood supply to part of the brain is cut off. This is caused either by a blockage of a blood vessel or bleeding (a burst blood vessel). Strokes are a medical emergency and urgent treatment is essential. The sooner a person receives treatment for a stroke, the less damage is likely to happen.

If you suspect that you or someone else is having a stroke, phone 999 immediately and ask for an ambulance.

Symptoms of a stroke

The main symptoms of stroke can be remembered with the word F.A.S.T.

• Face – the face may have dropped on one side, the person may not be able to smile, or their mouth or eye may have dropped.
• Arms – the person with suspected stroke may not be able to lift both arms and keep them there because of weakness or numbness in one arm.
• Speech – their speech may be slurred or garbled, or the person may not be able to talk at all despite appearing to be awake.
• Time – it's time to dial 999 immediately if you see any of these signs or symptoms.

Effects of a stroke

The effects of a stroke depends on how much damage has occurred and what part of the brain has been affected. Common side affects may include:

• The loss of use and altered sensation down one side of the body.
• Difficulties with communication skills including understanding and talking.
• Changes to eyesight.
• Problems carrying out everyday tasks such as problem solving or every day activities.
• Problems with swallowing.

Risk Factors

There are some common problems which can increase the risk of having a stroke. These include:

• High blood pressure
• High cholesterol
• Diabetes mellitus
• Irregular heartbeat (atrial fibrillation)
• Smoking
• Heart and vascular disease
• High alcohol intake.
• Patient information pack

Hull and East Riding Stroke Information Services have produced a handbook which will help to identify personal risk factors and help individuals to reduce the risk of having a stroke through lifestyle changes or appropriate treatment. The booklet will also allow individuals, their family and health care professionals to record care following a stroke.
Download the patient information pack.

To read more about causes and treatment of strokes visit the NHS Choices site here.